MESOPOTAMIA AND PERSIA

Sumer

The Sumerians developed city-states and formed a white temple for rituals. Sumerians also produced great literature.

INANNA

It is a female head make up with fragments of white marble.

WARKA VASE

It was the first work of pictorial narration.

ESHNUNNA STATUETTES

The oversized eyes of these statuettes depict that the worships for deities and the wakefulness to the connection between deities and them.

STELE OF THE VULTURES

The steel shows the battle of Sumerian.

Sumerian formed the city-state and Ningirsu is the God of them. Eannatum is the leader to combat the enemies.

STANDARD OF UR

It shows the war side and different figures with different scales.

BULL-HEADED HARPS

It shows narrative things on the soundbox of it.

CYLINDER SEALS

The artist followed the compositional rules to depict a banquet.

Akkad

AKKADIAN PORTRAITURE

It’s the first hollow-cast and metal sculpture combined naturalisma and abstract patterning.

NARAM-SIN STELE

The steel shows the divinity and victory of the Naram Sun. It also not fit in the conventional format of Mesopotamia style of horizontal narration.

Third Dynasty of Ur

ZIGGURAT, UR

It’s a ramp-like temple styles with hundreds of scales ended in tower flanked gateway.

GUDEA OF LAGASH

It’s a sculpture made by polished diorite, a costly and dark stone. The statue shows the seated Gudea.

Babylon

HAMMURABI

The stele of Hammurabi’s laws depicts a relief of Hammurabi and Shamash, the sun god. It shows that Shamash extended the ring and rod to Hammurabi.

Elam

NAPIR-ASU

The statue of Queen Napir-Asu is very heavy and immovable, it is a life-size bronze and copper statue, shows the unquestionable votive to the god.

Assyria

PALACE OF SARGON II

In the palace of Sargon, there are some colossal limestone monsters called lamassu, the sculptors insist on the complete views of them, so lamassu has five legs, two legs for in front view, four legs for in profile view.

PALACE OF ASHURBANIPAL

There are some painting on the glazed bricks and some reliefs in the palace. The sculptor depicts the war in the relief combining the front view and profile view. Making the reliefs more understandable and vivid is their goal.

PALACE OF ASHURBANIPAL

Two centuries later around 7th BCE, the relief in this palace shows that the emperor hunting lions, each lion hurt by two arrows but they didn’t die, it shows the brave of lions and the manly image of the hunter.

Neo-Babylonia

ISHTAR GATE

The Ishtar gate constructed by blue-glazed bricks, it has reliefs of the profiles of dragons and bulls.

Achaemenid Empire

PERSEPOLIS

This relief shows the supreme of Persian Emperor

SHAPUR I

Sasanians is the last pre-Islamic dynasty, the Shapur catches the Roman Empire and this empire last for 400 years.

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